POLIOMYELITIS

Poliomyelitis (Polio): Symptoms, Transmission, and Immunization

Symptoms: Poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio, is a highly contagious viral infection with varying manifestations. Some individuals may be asymptomatic, while others may experience symptoms like fever, headache, or gastrointestinal issues. Severe cases can involve intense muscle pain, neck stiffness, and, in some instances, paralysis, which may be permanent.

Transmission: The polio virus spreads through direct contact with an infected person, entering the body through the mouth or respiratory tract. The disease is endemic in developing countries, with an incubation period of 7 to 14 days and maximum contagion at the disease’s onset.

Immunization: In Canada, an inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine is a standard part of the vaccination schedule for preschoolers. For adults previously immunized against polio and at an increased risk of exposure (e.g., travelers in endemic areas), a single lifetime booster shot is recommended.

Treatment: There is no specific treatment for polio; only the symptoms are managed.

For more information, refer to “Essential Information for a Safe Trip.”