OSTOMIES & STOMAS

A stoma, derived from the Greek word for “mouth,” is a surgically created opening in the abdominal wall through a procedure called ostomy. During this process, an incision is made in the abdomen, and a section of the digestive tract is pulled through the opening (stoma). A small bag is then securely fastened over the stoma to collect the body’s waste products. Stomas can be either temporary or permanent.

Ostomies are commonly recommended when individuals lose normal bladder or bowel function due to injury or diseases such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or diverticular disease.

Different types of ostomies include ileostomies and colostomies, which bypass the ileum and colon, respectively, redirecting stool into a bag. Urostomies are performed when the urinary tract is affected. Recovery from an ostomy procedure typically takes 6 to 8 weeks.

Caring for a stoma involves daily cleaning with warm water, patting the skin dry, and applying protective barriers before attaching the bag. Regular maintenance, such as emptying the bag and changing it every 5 to 7 days, is essential. Soft, odor-resistant stoma bags, as well as protective creams, pastes, and cleansing wipes, are available.

Diet adjustments may be necessary after an ostomy, but individuals with healthy eating habits generally don’t need significant changes. Monitoring output consistency and frequency, maintaining hydration, and consulting with healthcare professionals about medication digestion and absorption are crucial.

Potential complications include food blockages, where undigested parts of food clog the bowel. Certain foods, like peanuts and popcorn, may contribute to blockages. Lifestyle adjustments, such as gradually introducing high-fiber foods and staying hydrated, can help prevent blockages.

Life after an ostomy involves resuming normal activities. Individuals may initially experience challenges related to body image and self-consciousness. Open communication with loved ones, addressing concerns, and seeking support can aid the adjustment process. Daily activities, such as bathing, clothing choices, exercise, and sexual activity, can be adapted to accommodate life with a stoma.

It’s important to note that having a stoma should not hinder the possibility of conception or pregnancy. Women and men can pursue parenthood after an ostomy, and healthcare professionals can provide guidance on specific considerations.